Honesty And Negotiations Is It Best For Success While...

Honesty in Negotiations There are many individuals who believe that he or she must do what it ever it takes to win, this is also true for negotiations. But as honest adults, with personal standards, one must focus on ethically correct actions that lead one to win. These activities involve planning and preparation. These are great tactics that can lead a professional to success while dealing with negotiations or management. There are many other ethically correct tactics that can lead a professional to reach their goals or objectives. Many times when negotiations become stressful or tough, one can easily choose the actions that will questions ones moral principles. Also, such circumstances can easily lead an individual to lye or practice deceptive tactics. Such practices can seem normal if one fails to recognize the difference between right or wrong. One must always remain ready to analyze the situation and tell the difference between right or wrong. By doing so one will apply the co rrect bargaining mix and succeed at doing what is right and at negotiating. When dealing with negotiations, many believe that it is fair to say that certain modifications to ones practices must take part to win a negotiation. These actions or moves must not involve questioning ones ethics. One must remain honest with the other party, this will help negotiations to remain honest during the process. Honesty will send out the right message. This message must show the other party that one is willingShow MoreRelatedLabor Contract Issues Are Challenging For Any Manager3552 Words   |  15 Pagesrepresent the best interest of their constituency ? the general population ? to which they are ultimately responsible. This dynamic creates a necessary tightrope that can be difficult to walk with the administrator desiring to ?play nice? with the employees while at the same time not getting trampled by these same employees from their demands during negotiations. Luckily, a prudent administrator can take steps to navigate this fine line while preparing for the negotiation, during the negotiation and afterRead MoreLabor Contract Issues Are Challenging For Any Manager3557 Words   |  15 Pagesrepresent the best interest of their constituency – the general population – to which they are ultimately responsible. This dynamic creates a necessary tightrope that can be difficult to walk with the administrator desiring to â€Å"play nice† with the employees while at the same time not getting trampled by these same employees from their demands during negotiations. Luckily, a prudent administrator can take steps to navigate this fine line while preparing for the negotiation, during the negotiation and afterRead More Hotel Rwanda Essay example1565 Words   |  7 PagesNegotiator† definitely caught my eye†¦particularly since I had checked the DVD out from the library last Friday but hadn’t yet watched it. Benjamin’s article piqued my i nterest enough to do some additional research on Rwanda, and passion was born. While a colony of Belgium, Rwanda was separated into two tribal groups which many say was based on physical characteristics such as the wideness of the nose: the common Tutsi (majority), and the upper-class Hutu (minority). For many years, the Tutsis wereRead MoreWhat Are The Moral And Ethical Issues Facing Gary?1271 Words   |  6 PagesThe Blue Spider Project Submitted to: Dr. Sheryl L. Hodges Submitted by: Tejaswi Materla 1) What are the moral and ethical issues facing Gary? Open communications, honesty, and integrity in dealing with customers, truth in negotiations, and factual status reporting are some of the critical factors that affect the project execution . There was no open communication between Gary, and Lord Industries or the functional managers regarding the project phase updates. The project started with dishonestyRead MoreThe Leadership And Management Skills1386 Words   |  6 Pagespaper critically draws the examples of the leadership styles of one of the United States most recognized leaders– Abraham Lincoln. Discussion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abraham Lincoln’s leadership style was exemplary, accepting opposition and using his strong negotiation and public speaking dexterity to win numbers rallying behind him and supporting his plea. For one, it is affirmed that Lincoln’s type of leadership led the United States through the great Civil War and even went further in convincing the obstinateRead MoreSenior Human Resources Officer For Entering The Arena Of Negotiation Coaching Recommendations For Executive Leadership Essay1922 Words   |  8 PagesSummary To better prepare the chief human resources officer for entering the arena of negotiation coaching recommendations for executive leadership. Prior to the negotiation the (CHRO) would require that all transactions are represented through a negotiation. This strategy for trade is rehashed and every now and again goes unnoticed. In the event that the mediation is at your demand, furthermore, you will wish to hold oversee beyond what many would consider possible to begin the degree for achievingRead MoreWal-Mart Negotiations with Talley3315 Words   |  14 Pages---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Communication Problem/Issue Identification Effective communication strategies and a well thought out plan of attack are essential elements to any negotiation. Incorporating these two elements will significantly improve the chances of the negotiation ending in favor of the terms sought. Alas, in this day in age negotiators are finding themselves too busy to devote the necessary time to ensure proper preparation of the basics causing results toRead MorePrinciples And Strategies For Managing Stakeholders1763 Words   |  8 Pagesused to engage with stakeholder and maintain relationship were discussed by participants. Different strategies are applied to internal and external stakeholders though there seems to be close relation between them. Communication â€Å"Often the project success is determined not by tag you set at the starts but how you manage the issues as you go along through effective communication† (E) Communication is one of the strongest strategies used to maintain relationship and manage stakeholder expectation ofRead MoreMy Implications and Learned Lessons in Business Negotiation4718 Words   |  19 PagesMy Implications and Learned Lessons in Business Negotiation Being a salesperson like me, I must admit that it is a tough marketplace out there and strong negotiating skills are fundamental to achieving and more importantly sustaining career and business success, particularly within a competitive sales and marketing environment. Those of us who want to achieve better results, both at work and in our private lives, need to develop effective negotiating skills. It is worth to bear in mind that ifRead MoreConflict Management at Miami Dade Public School3247 Words   |  13 Pagesfor students and teacher retention. This paper will investigate a pressing trend occurring within Miami Dade Public School the disruptive behavior of students and how the management of the school uses general conflict management strategies and negotiations to resolve those issues. The solution to get into the top management place is to have an advanced understanding of the profession and its conduct. The majority people who work in trade move to identify the politics and issues in their individual

Spreading Your Wings Essay - 806 Words

The mythological story of Icarus is â€Å"†¦interpreted variously as an allegory of pride, or of man’s quest for knowledge,† as The Bloomsbury Guide to Art stated in their article (â€Å"Icarus†). This idea of the quest of knowledge itself applies to the work of Russell Whiting, a sculptor whose work is featured in the River Gallery Sculpture Park of Chattanooga and who sculpted a statue of Icarus as well. In correlation with the interpretation of the story of Icarus being a man’s quest for knowledge, Whiting did not just fall in love with the process of carving steel, but also with the potential for self expression, variation, and knowledge regarding steel still left to be attained. The majority of Whiting’s work†¦show more content†¦Here, Whiting emphasizes the fact that he does not specifically analyze or try to represent his work, though often originating from other previous artist facets, in a certain manner. Rather, he lets his artistic expression flow out of him and leaves the analysis to his viewers. Therefore, being fully open to interpretation, a viewer may infer a variety of things from Whiting’s sculpture of Icarus. Approaching the piece from an iconographic perspective, Icarus conveys a sense of freedom and the presence of ignorance and naivety associated with being young. For some, an acknowledgeable aspect of the piece may be the fact that he chose to suspend Icarus off the side of the hill at the far end of the garden. In fact, the anchoring which holds him up is built in such a way as to elude the public to believe he is not attached at all – but merely freely leaning out over the crisp water with his outstretched wings. Whiting also paid a remarkable amount of attention to the texture present on the wings and the muscular tone of the body. The tone and idealization of the body, which is anatomically similar to that of a boy, is realistic with hints of idealization of for m. Furthermore, an interesting aspect of Icarus being placed distantly over the water is that his face is hidden from viewers. Whiting may have chosen to position him like this so as to incorporate a sense of mystery and add to the psychological value of the piece. Since hisShow MoreRelatedAbigail Williams: Abnormal Adolescent Behavior978 Words   |  4 Pagesschizophrenia in the most severe form. â€Å" You will not! Be gone! Be gone I say! (Abigail, 119) â€Å"Why do you come yellow bird?.. Oh Mary, this is a black art to change your shape. No I cannot, I cannot stop my mouth; it’s God’s work I do.† (Abigail, 120) â€Å" Mary, please don’t hurt me (pointing upward) the wings! Her wings are spreading! Mary, please, don’t, don’t--(looking up) Look out! She’s coming down!† (Abigail, 123). These quotes explain some of the things Abigail would â€Å"see†. Her friend Mary WarrenRead MoreA Brief History Of Brand : Origi ns, Key Stages Of Its Growth1362 Words   |  6 Pagesof Red Bull. They were able to find success from the increase sales from the awareness driven by word of mouth, which increase brand knowledge and changes the previous notions of the brand. Initially the Red Bull’s slogan was â€Å"Red Bull gives you wings†. Later on as the taste changed with the change of its ingredients. Earlier it was an energy drink and later it was functional energy drink. Mateschitz devised the brand positioning that Red Bull â€Å"Revitalizes Body and Mind† This phrase conveyed theRead MoreAbigail Williams Greed1052 Words   |  5 PagesMiller argues that to be greedy means you care about your own needs before anyone else. In The Crucible, Arthur Miller through his character Abigail Williams, who symbolizes greediness, to argue that there are greedy people in the world who will do anything to get what they want turning her into a person that feels heartless. Abigail Williams demonstrates greediness because she is needy, selfish, and determined. Clearly, Abigail is greedy as she constantly needs the center of attention circled aroundRead MoreEssay On Jimhoo949 Words   |  4 PagesTrainers choice. He began to nurse his tail in a way Ash had never seen a Pokà ©mon do, but he supposed since Pikachu was wild before, he learned how to take care of his injuries without need of a Pokà ©mon Center. You made the right move, Daisy said. But your next move is far more important. Lets see if you get this one right, too. Ash gritted his teeth, wracking his brain over what this new Pokà ©mon entails. Butterfree was undoubtedly a good choice since Ash taught him Teleport, but he really didntRead More The Start of Architecture 1093 Words   |  4 Pagesday. The excess debris of this first attack effected surrounding buildings causing more damage. Another plane had been crashed into the Pentagon building in Washington D.C. This attack only caused a partial damage to the west wing of the building. People who worked in that wing and the building overall were hugely affected. Less than half of those people were able to get out of the building to safe grounds. Those who did make it out were either killed or injured severely due to what was happening onRead MoreLaila And Majnu Analysis815 Words   |  4 Pagesauthor used this skill throughout the story to explain the affection of love between Laila and Majnu. I have done everything to share your grief; everything, except this: I did not come to you mysel f; that was impossible. What matter? Our bodies are separated, but my soul is not divided from yours for a moment. I know what suffering is yours and how much your heart tortures itself (Mattin). This quote shows, how much Laila is depressed about Majnu, , that after her marriage she did not even seeRead MoreThe Party For Freedom And The Socialist Party1445 Words   |  6 Pagesviews of the Dutch people. In order to inaugurate the analysis, we must begin by determining the nationalistic views within the Netherlands and understand the basis behind each party. The Party for freedom is a right-wing nationalist party, while the Socialist Party is a left-wing social democratic party. Within the current politics of the Netherlands, both parties control an equal number of seats with 15 being in the House of Representatives and 9 being within the Senate. The PVV and SocialistsRead MoreBill Gates : The World Will Never Run Short Of Those !938 Words   |  4 Pages(laughs)? Susan: Ah, the world will never run short of those! (laughs)! Bill Gates: Well I feel like we as human beings cause the greatest of harm to ourselves. I am quite concerned about the man-made climate change occurring due to deforestation, spreading of pollution and waste and other similar actions. The climate change will have the greatest impact on the population dependent upon agricultural activities. The poor farmers will suffer the most since crops will be ruined and their earnings willRead MoreChapter Short Story1576 Words   |  7 Pagesthe rest would be up to her. â€Å"Are you going to go back to Metrius?† she asked Lonan. He had been quiet during the discussion. â€Å"If its all the same to you, I would like to continue on your journey with you. This is the most excitement I’ve had in years and I would like to help you in any way that I can to get your sister back. Our world has been peaceful, thanks in part to the elves. I want to keep it that way.† â€Å"I would be delighted to have you, but are you sure you want to go to the Summer CourtRead MoreThe Crucible Character Analysis1195 Words   |  5 Pagessudden shiver indicating witchcraft is being used against her. As the court continues to go on, Mary resumes to declare that the girls are sporting. Abby does not like this and passes the accusation of witchcraft to Mary and yells, â€Å"The wings! Her wings are spreading! Mary, please don’t† (Miller 48). She persistently does this to keep her social status and destroy Mary’s reputation instead. Abigail Williams so badly does not want the community to look down on her that she establishes this entire performance

Card readers Essay Example For Students

Card readers Essay 1. OPEN EEPROM Just what it means open a saved EEPROM image 2. SAVE AS This has 3 options (different ways to save the image of the card) a. NORMAL HEX b. ASCII ENCODED HEX c. BIN FILE 3. VIEW This has 5 options:. a. ATR INFO- this is a break down of what is in the ATR of your card b. HU MAP- this is a map of where different data is at on the hu image. c. TIER DATA- is the data from the different tiers on the card d. EEPROM DUMP- is what you see after you read the card and then pull it. e. MESSAGE WINDOW- is the first thing you see when you put your card in. 4. EEPROM This has 7 options: a. CLEAN EEPROM This is what you do when you want to clean any data off your hu image b. CLEAR PASSWORD This is what you use to clear the pass word from a card that has one on it. c. CLEAR IRD This has two options: 1. UMMARRY- this will unmarry the card to use in another ird 2. SET TO VIRGIN- that is what it does. d. CMD 90 BLOCKING This has two options 1. TURN ON 2. TURN OFF e. FIX ATR 4TH BYTE This is for IVAC cards. f. PATCH FILE This has two options. (also used to patch a file into your image or card) 1. NORMAL HEX FILE 2. EXTREME HEX FILE g. CAM/ZKT TOOLS This has three options 1. STORE CAM/ZKT 2. PATCH CAM/ZKT 3. SAVE CAM/ZKT FOR H CARD E. CARD This has 5 options a. CHECK ATR will do just that. b. UTILITIES This has 6 options 1. CHANGE AREA- this is to change time zone, zip and locals byte 2. CLEAR PASSWORD 3. CLEAR IRD This has 2 options under it aa. UNMARRY bb. SET TO VIRGIN 4. CMD 90 BLOCKING Again has two options aa. TURN ON bb. TURN OFF 5. FIX 4TH BYTE 6. READ USW This tells you what your USW is. c. READ CARD This is always the first thing you do. read your card. d. WRITE CARD This has two options 1. CURRENT EEPROM This will write the current EEPROM image that you have loaded. 2. HEX FILE This will write a hex file to the card e. CLEAN CARD Just what it says Here are the QUICK BUTTONS just below the tile bar. From right to left: 1. The file folder is to open an EEPROM file 2. The diskette is to save the open image 3. The window with the gear is for settings. This is to set up glitch points and paths for saving your bin files and hex files. 4. Looking glass is to view decoded EEPROM image (this is edit mode) 5. Squeegee is to clean the current loaded EEPROM 6. The caption signs are for unmarrying the IRD 7. The syringe is for fixing the 4th byte. 8. CMD 90 is to set the blocking code (supposed to stop the card from receiving data that could loop the card. It is your choice to use it or not. It did not work in Jan. ECM but maybe it is better now.) THESE ARE ALL THE FEATURES THAT WILL BE DONE ON THE CURRENTLY LOADED EEPROM IMAGE. THE NEXT SET OF OPTION BUTTONS WILL WORK ONLY ON THE CARD THAT IS INSERTED IN THE LOADER. 9. Check mark is to patch hex file to your currently loaded EEPROM image. 10. Clean card 11. Unmarry IRD 12. .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 , .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 .postImageUrl , .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 , .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45:hover , .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45:visited , .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45:active { border:0!important; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45:active , .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45 .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u78c822213389fb5fa5616481fd781b45:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Confucius (255 words) Essay Fix 4th byte 13. CMD 90 blocking 14. Change area settings 15. Atmel chip is to read the card. 16. USW reads the usw on the card 17. Lightning flash writes the current EEPROM loaded to the card 18. HEX writes a hex that you choose to the card 19. Open door is to exit the program Words/ Pages : 670 / 24

Equal Rights free essay sample

Throughout history people have had their equal rights taken away; such as during the Holocaust when the Jews, mentally and physically disabled, gypsies, black people and children of mixed marriages, homosexuals, Jehovahs Witnesses, social misfits, and members of the political and religious opposition were taken to concentration camps. They had all their rights ripped away such as the right to religion, freedom of choice, and basic rights, like eating any type of food. People have been discriminated against due to their religion for many centuries. Just like the Jews during WWII that were put into concentration camps and killed because of their religion. Elie Wiesel is a Holocaust survivor and tells his story to the world in the book Night. Everyone has the right to religion, no matter what religion they are. With our freedom of religion we can choose to be a Christian, Catholic, Jewish, Muslim, etc. Some people have changed religions because they have the right to do so or because their spouse is a different religion. We will write a custom essay sample on Equal Rights or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Freedom of choice, we all have the right to choose what we want to be, who we want to marry, what career we want and were we want to go to school. Our career choice can be anything from police officers to attorneys; we can even choose to be a nurse. The career we choose can also help us choose the school we wish to go to. To be a nurse we would choose a nursing school, an attorney would choose a 4 year type of college, and a police officer could choose a type of academy. People also have basic rights, such as eating what they choose. Some people want to be vegetarians, some will only eat white meat, and some choose to eat white and red meat. Some people will even hunt for their food to eat. Some will hunt deer, rabbit, or even birds so they can eat, its what they choose. Throughout the book Night Elie Wiesel tells us his story about how people have had their rights taken away. Everyone including those that are Jewish, mentally and physically disabled, gypsies, black people and children of mixed marriages, homosexuals, Jehovahs Witnesses, social misfits, and members of the political and religious opposition have equal rights to choose what they wish. It is said to see that even today people have their rights taken from them. We can only hope that we have actually learned from our mistakes in the past and make a better future. Equal Rights Essay By sbJblbdq65

Essay Writing - Academic Background Essay Sample

Essay Writing - Academic Background Essay SampleAn academic background essay sample can help your students to build their knowledge base. An essay should be taken as an opportunity to develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter or of one's own views and thoughts.The content of the essay can vary from one student to another. Some students may need more information, while others may require less. A good essay will take into account all the information given.The writer should then take into account the course outline, the syllabus, the class schedule, the text book, the syllabus, and the professor to make a logical sequence. He/she should also look at the structure of the class, group participation, and the faculty policies to make a proper sequence. A student may wish to go through the whole course sequence as a means of self-study or to acquire new information for his/her work.To decide which essays to use on a student's list, there are several factors to consider. Some stude nts might need more depth than others.The content of the essay should be of a specific topic. Many people feel that it is easier to use other subjects to add depth, but this is not always the case. For example, a subject like history is an extremely interesting one, but some people might prefer to look at texts such as poetry or art.Assignments should also be made to avoid repetitive work. By starting with an interesting topic and building from there, the assignment may not feel so dull. In fact, this type of writing could be an enjoyable experience.The academic background essay sample will come in handy if you are planning to write one. A good teacher or counselor can provide you with the necessary guidance and help you make the right choice for your course or assignment.

Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences Essay Example

Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences Essay 1st coevals biofuels, the feedstocks are besides used as nutrient harvests and are chiefly used to bring forth biodiesel and bioethanol. These biofuels are straight produced and processed easy from the biofuel harvests or workss such as rapeseed, sunflower, sugar cane, maize etc. The 2nd coevals biofuels are generated from works lignocellulosic stuff. Bioethanol is generated by treating the lignocellulosic works stuff. Many perennial grasses, poplar, willow, forestry, agricultural waste merchandises etc are besides used to bring forth this 2nd coevals biofuels. The 3rd coevals biofuels are produced from algae which might non vie with nutrient harvests, doing it really feasible and more promising to be used. But the 2nd coevals and largely the 3rd coevals is non yet commercially feasible as the engineering is good advance and it is still undergoing development ( Biemans et al. , 2008 ) . This essay will be looking at the likely effects or impact of biofuels on biodiversity viz. the impact on home ground, impact on C segregation, impact on H2O quality and measure, impact of increased chemical usage, and impact of forestry and agricultural waste on biodiversity. This essay will besides briefly expression at a instance survey of biofuel impact in Netherlands. 2. Biofuel likely effects on biodiversity We will write a custom essay sample on Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The addition in biofuel demand and usage has lead to several environmental impacts that might ensue in either negative or positive impacts on biodiversity. Biofuels can positively impact as a sustainable renewable beginning of energy, depending on its production technique, and can besides hold a negative impact, depending on the sustainability of its development. Bioefuel has a positive potency for cleaner fuels, and greater possibility for economic growing for rural communities and for husbandmans ( Pimentel and Patzek, 2007 ) . The major impact of biofuel on biodiversity is land-use alteration ( Koh, 2007 ) , and in state of affairs where biofuel will supply major part of planetary energy, this will countervail the possible extenuation of clime alteration due to decrease in green house gas emanation, by infringing extra lands to bring forth biofuel. Biofuel feedstocks picks, cultivation patterns, and the type of land that it is grown on, will find the positive or negative impact on biodiversity ( UNEP, 2008 ) . Impact on Habitat Crops grown in deforested country or degraded lands with decreased dirt cultivated land and agricultural inputs to supply feedstock for biofuel production could potentially impact biodiversity positively by reconstructing home ground and ecosystem map ( Cook and Beyea, 2000 ) . Turning perennial species for biofuel feedstocks besides have positive biodiversity impact than one-year monoculture planting, as some works or harvest rotary motion for biofuel feedstock can be good for some works species, butterfly, birds and some beings etc ( Cook and Beyea, 2000 ) . The most important cause for negative biodiversity impact globally is Habitat loss ( MEA, 2005 ) , and this could happen as a consequence of biofuel feedstocks production replacing other land utilizations, making negative impact on biodiversity. The addition in feedstock production could be affected indirectly taking to extension usage of land, this is seen in the instance where addition in maize monetary values for illustration in US has lead to husbandmans exchanging more land area of land from other harvest land usage to the cultivation of more maize ( Pimentel et al. , 2009 ) or direct extensions of cultivated countries which further additions habitat loss. For illustration, forested countries, peatlands, grasslands and wetland can be encroached for biofuel feedstock production. This can be seen in South-East Asia, where addition in demand for palm oil for the production of biodiesel has lead to a monolithic and extended deforestation, seting force per unit area on designated preservation countries ( Koh, 2007 ) . Besides in Brazil, demands for addition in the production of soy bean and sugar cane for biofuel has lead to monolithic loss of biodiversity in Cerrado and the Amazon rain forest ( Costa et al. , 2007 ) . Impact on Carbon Sequestration Land-use alteration due to biofuel feedstock harvest can besides act upon C dioxide emanation ( Searchinger et al. , 2008 ) . For illustration feedstock plantation for bioenergy on debauched land could increase the segregation of C, extenuating the planetary heating impact due to climate alteration ( Tilman et al. , 2006 ) . However, where big root of the perennial feedstock species for biofuel still remains in the dirt after crop, the sum of C in the dirt might be increased as a consequence of excess C being released from the roots to the dirt. The usage of sustainable agricultural patterns and high diverseness harvest rotary motion systems on debauched land can besides increase C segregation as a consequence of increasing dirt organic affair ( Tilman et al. , 2006 ) . Similarly, biofuels generated from waste and residues merchandises could hold no negative important impact on biodiversity and clime alteration as land usage alteration is non required for the production of the feedstock ( Searchinger et al. , 2008 ) . Biofuel feedstock plantation established on C rich dirt or forested land will greatly negate and out weigh the cleaner fuel from biofuel generated utilizing sustainable production by let go ofing monolithic nursery gases breathing as a consequence of land-use alteration and feedstock production. Procedures affecting drainage of peatlands, wetlands and glade of lands by fire for biofuel feedstock plantation can be destructive with respect to air quality and nursery gas emanations ( Righelato and Spracklen, 2007 ) . For illustration in south-east Asia, due to high demand in palm oil production, peatlands has besides been drained to run into the mark and as a consequence, it has been estimated that up to 100 metric tons of carbon-dioxide are releases in a twelvemonth per hectare and firing the peatlands doubles or three-base hits this value ( Righelato and Spracklen, 2007 ) , negatively impacting both below-ground and above biodiversity. In south-east Asia, United States and Brazil, it has been found through surveies that change overing peatlands, rain forests and grasslands for the plantation of crop-based biofuel feedstocks ( 1st coevals feedstocks ) table.1, creates carbon debt by bring forthing carbon-dioxide 17- 420 times more than the nursery gas one-year decreases derived by replacing dodo fuel usage with biofuels ( Fargione et al, 2008 ) . Water Quality and Quantity Impact Bioenergy harvest productions besides have impacts on H2O quality and handiness. Surveies have shown that biofuel feedstock production most particularly harvest feedstocks or first coevals biofuel feedstocks ( table.1 ) impact H2O resources negatively ( Berndes, 2002 ) . For illustration biofuel harvests like sugar cane, oil thenar, maize etc requires big sum of H2O for its productiveness and other biofuel feedstock harvests with greater water-use productiveness such as coconut and sugar Beta vulgaris can set force per unit area on the H2O tabular array ( Shepard, 2006 ) . There are besides instances of terrible H2O pollution, destructing aquatic life due to increases cultivation and production of biofuel feedstock. In 2007, the planetary nature fund named the Pantanal in Brazil the A ; acirc ; ˆ?threatened lake of the twelvemonth 2007 A ; acirc ; ˆA? due to H2O run outing from soya bean Fieldss, cultivated at the catchments of this lake as a consequence of increased demand and cultivation of biofuel feedstock ( Global Nature Fund, 2007 ) In Malaysia every bit good, Palm Oil Mill Effluent ( POME ) , residue of biofuel processing from palm oil is the major pollutant discharge into the Malayan rivers ( Ahmad et al. , 2006 ) . On the positive note, some of the biofuel feedstock harvests might be used in one of the bioremediation methods or phyto-remediation of contaminated H2O undertakings ( Berndes, 2002 ) . Increase Chemical use Impact on Biodiversity Expansion of lands for the production of biofuel feedstocks with homogenous cropping has lead to the increased usage of chemical applications like pesticides to command plague and besides most particularly more fertilisers to increase the dirt food and feedstock outputs has resulted in the increased emanation of N from dirt which is the major emanation beginning of azotic oxide universe broad ( MEA, 2005 ) . This azotic oxide has really high planetary heating potencies greater than that of carbon-dioxide. The addition usage of fertiliser, if sustainable patterns are non maintained to forestall leaching and eutrophicating foods emanation, can ensue in the increased eutrophication of aquatic and tellurian ecosystem and thereby ensuing to loss of biodiversity ( MEA, 2005 ) . Consequently, utilizing trees and perennial or 2nd coevals biofuel feedstock harvests ( table.1 ) , reduces the application of agrochemicals and as a consequence impacts the environment and biodiversity positively. Invasive Speciess Impact There is besides concern for invasive species debut to the ecosystem due to biofuel feedstock production ( Raghu et al, 2006 ) . Some of the 2nd coevals biofuel feedstock productions such as woody species and grasses ( table.1 ) have invasive species traits which include long canopy period, rapid growing and high H2O usage productiveness. It is feared that these biofuel feedstock harvests if introduced will non merely occupy but will besides displace some autochthonal species ensuing in lessening or loss of biodiversity ( Ragh et al, 2006 ) . For illustration in United States, biofuel feedstock harvests such as Johnson grass ( Sorghum halepense ) , Reed canary grass ( Phalaris arundinacea ) and Giant reed ( Arundo donax ) are already known to be invasive. Impact of Forestry and Agricultural Waste Feedstock on Biodiversity Waste is the 2nd chief beginning of 2nd coevals biofuel feedstock ( table.1 ) . Woody waste feedstock coevals can be harvested straight from forest or sawing Millss. Low C segregation and large-scale biodiversity losingss in woods is due to the remotion of deceasing and dead trees from the wood, as many woodland species live and feed on these waste ( Paul and Ernsting, 2007 ) . For illustration nonvascular plants, Fungis, invertebrates, lichens, beetling etc provender and live on forest dead forests depending on the dead wood volume assortment and grades of decomposition nowadays ( Jonsson et al. , 2005 ; Jonsell et al. , 2007 ) . Dead wood facilitates tremendous assortment of arthropods which attracts higher degrees of many species such as birds. Extraction and glade of this waste will diminish the home grounds of these species and might emphasize the productiveness of the wood. Similarly, remotion of the forestry waste merchandises for biofuel production can impact biodiversity positively by cut downing the hazard of forest fires. The impact of agricultural waste on biodiversity either positive or negative depends on the home ground they are generated from and the waste merchandise. Grass film editings remotion helps protect the profusion of species aided by unfastened home grounds and besides semi-natural grasslands are conserved from natural sequence. Removal of agricultural waste besides prevents the grass land from losing its aesthetic values and assorted ecosystems. Removal of grass or works litters or waste helps diminish the dirt food or organic affair and this enhances the profusion of species in diverse grassland home grounds ( Hansson and Fogelfors, 2000 ) . Consequently, remotion of agricultural waste for illustration straw, leftover from barley and wheat, which is used to increase the dirt organic affair can impact biodiversity negatively as dirt beings will be reduced and this might connote in the addition usage of nitrate fertilisers which has inauspicious consequence or impact on the fresh water and land ecosystem and besides on biodiversity every bit good ( Paul and Ernsting, 2007 ) . 3. Case Study: impact of biofuel production from wood french friess on biodiversity in Netherlands. The Son Heathland and the New Heathland are nature modesty countries in Netherlands with several pools, heathlands and forest dunes covering about 600 hectares ( Biemans et al. , 2008 ) . The municipality of these heathlands uses waste merchandises from these heathlands to bring forth biofuels in order to protect and conserve the heathland ecosystem from turning into a wood ( Biemans et al. , 2008 ) . The heathland ecosystem and its species profusion are sustained by guaranting care of unfastened infinite, as the heathland ecosystem might be taken over by forest if trees were non cut and cleared and used for the processing and coevals of biofuel. Not droping and cutting the trees might do a negative impact on biodiversity as rare species found in the heathland might free their home ground and the necessary ecosystem services needed for their endurances. Similarly, cutting the trees around the heathland ecosystem helps in the natural regeneration of the trees which provides chances for the safety of animate beings and workss. Normally, forestry waste is non removed in some ecosystem to conserve specific species and the ecosystem, but in these sites the Son Heathland and the New Heathland, it is removed for the production of biofuel, which helps to heighten and conserve the heathland ecosystem thereby impacting biodiversity both negatively and positively. 4. Decision The potency for biofuel to function as an energy security to protect and replace dodo fuel due to uninterrupted depletion of the dodo fuel minerals resource and besides its possible to extenuate green house gasses is great. But if sustainable direction ( e.g. for land usage and feedstock picks ) , policies and criterions are non set and implemented for the production of biofuels or bioenergy, the unsustainable practise in the production will do serious negative impact on biodiversity by destructing assorted ecosystem and home grounds. Besides societal impacts can non be ignored every bit good, as biofuel production might and will vie with nutrient harvests production in future, if attention is non taken to sustainable balance its production and will thereby impact the multitudes.

These five techniques will transform your technical writing - Emphasis

These five techniques will transform your technical writing These five techniques will transform your technical writing Here is the gist of a conversation I had with a scientist a few years ago. I was teaching a one-day technical-writing course that she was (reluctantly) attending. ‘What do you write?’ ‘Mainly records of experiments and field trials.’ ‘And do you enjoy writing?’ ‘No, I absolutely loathe it.’ ‘Why?’ ‘Because it’s just going to sit in a dusty folder somewhere and no one will ever read it.’ My first thought was that it was going to be a long, hard day. Happily, I was wrong. In this short post, I wont go through the protocols and conventions unique to technical writing, as thats not necessary to get results (although you may find this article on  how to write a paper useful). No, the key is to approach it from first principles – the disciplines every writer, technical or otherwise, should be aware of and practise. 1. Be clear and logical I usually enjoy training scientists. They have one essential quality that’s gold dust for a writer – they’re trained to think logically and clearly. While their PhD may be in low-temperature physics or fluvial dynamics, they bring a rigorous way of thinking thats incredibly helpful when it comes to writing up their work. Refreshingly, they’re also often among the most enthusiastic and intelligent students. When I’m training, the one thing I want people to take away is the power and importance of writing. It obviously helps if you have a love and respect for language as well, but that’s a personal thing. If I could instil in the scientist a sense of pride in her writing, at least, I thought, that would be a start. 2. Focus on the audience For some 15 years, I was the lead writer for Jaguar. I wrote the launches of their cars and all the company’s major conferences and speeches, some of which were highly technical. But the first question any writer has to ask, regardless of the material, is always the same – who is going to read this? Or, if it’s a speech, who is going to listen to it? An automotive engineer, for example, will have a clear understanding of terms such as ‘horsepower’ and ‘torque’ and how they influence a car’s performance. They will also be familiar with the host of abbreviations and acronyms that are common parlance in the engineering community. (Is there a sector that doesn’t have its own jargon or buzzwords?) If a piece of writing is peer to peer, it’s generally fine to use these terms without explanation (but sparingly, please). An engine’s performance may simply be expressed in measurements, graphs and charts – if the information is simply and clearly presented, the knowledgeable reader will be able to extract what they want and interpret it. The writing will have served its primary function, which is to communicate. 3. Consider every word Most drivers, however, would struggle to explain ‘horsepower’ and ‘torque’, let alone the difference between them. Unless they’re fully paid-up petrolheads, all they may know is that a powerful car will have a lot of both. Car manufacturers know this, of course, and that’s when (supposedly sexy) language starts creeping into the writing. ‘Effortless’ and ‘refined power’, for example, are words Jaguar often use to describe torque delivery for the layman. (I fought long and hard to suppress the truly awful ‘waftability’, but it seems to have crept into the marketing.) The point is that you use the appropriate language for the audience. The engineer writing the technical report isn’t selling the car, so they don’t need to use adjectives and adverbs (modifying words) to communicate performance – they can let the stats do the talking. In fact, if they submit their findings to scientific journals, they’ll find that most editors delete modifiers anyway, because at best they’re subjective, and at worst vague and confusing, especially for an international audience. Editors encourage authors to ‘unpackage’ concepts – to present them in simple, clear sentences. 4. Keep it brief Most people have a lot of things they could be doing rather than wading through 50 pages of turgid, unfocused waffle. Know your reader, know what you want to say and know why you’re saying it. Is it relevant to your reader? If not, why are you making them read it? And although you may have spent ages writing something, be aware of ‘Mr Skippy’ – the person who will just skim through the text. He may only read the sub-heads, so make sure they tell the story clearly. 5. Be active and engaging Get people into your writing. The passive voice (‘the trials were conducted †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢) may be the default in most technical writing, but the active voice is more direct (‘we conducted the trials †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢). You dont have to do it all the time: a balance between passive and active is best. But we’re people and we like to read about ourselves, even if it’s just a humble pronoun (‘we’). Incidentally, a surprising number of journals recommend the active voice in their instructions for authors, including Nature. And the reluctant scientist on my course? I saw her for a follow-up class a couple of months later and her writing had improved immeasurably, largely because she was now thinking clearly and writing short, clear sentences. Most importantly, she was taking pride in her writing and even starting to think of publishing her work. It had been a day well spent. Jack can help you improve your team’s technical writing. Call us on  +44 (0)1273 732 888 for a chat to explore how.